基于特斯拉谐振器的悬浮单线电力传输

Single-wire power transfer (SWPT) is an emerging technology in the wireless power transfer community. At high frequencies, the current return path can be established without direct physical connection by utilizing a quarter-wavelength Tesla resonator, which facilitates large voltage gain and capacitive coupling to the ground through the surrounding environment. Expanding on this concept, this paper proposes a floating SWPT system that eliminates the need for any galvanic grounding, enabling power transfer through a single wire between two points in free space. The complete current path is formed by a differential Tesla resonator loop, where the two resonators, operating at quarter-wavelengths, yield substantial voltage gain to drive displacement current via capacitive coupling at both ends of the system. This coupling occurs through space and the surrounding environment, regardless of ground proximity. The position-independent characteristic of the capacitive coupling is analyzed, along with a detailed equivalent circuit. A laboratory prototype of the proposed floating differential SWPT system was constructed and analyzed. Experiments demonstrate 500W power throughput through a 10-m tether, with measured efficiency of 85% and 80% under AC and DC load operation, respectively.