有机和钙钛矿半导体太阳能电池中的界面能量学

Improving the quality of life for Earth's growing popula-tion is a complex task that requires the development of new technologies and materials.Perhaps the biggest challenge is access to clean and renewable energy sources that can drive a sustainable future.Photovoltaics,today mainly represented by silicon-based solar cells,convert solar energy into electric-ity and is already an important component in the renewable energy portfolio.Organic solar cells(OSCs)and perovskite solar cells(PSCs)both offer advantages compared to silicon solar cells such as low-temperature solution processing,flexibil-ity and semi-transparency while sharing similar device struc-tures consisting of a photoactive layer(PAL)sandwiched between an anode and a cathode contact.The anode and cath-ode contacts in OSCs and PSCs typically consist of a charge transport layer(CTL)and a conductor(often a metal),and the CTLs significantly impact device performance.The CTLs used in OSCs and PSCs share many functionalities.OSCs and PSCs fabrication involves sequential deposition of layers from solu-tion and treatments at elevated temperatures,so the CTLs must be solvent resistant and stable under thermal cycling(also important for long-term device stability).Preferably,the CTLs should also have sufficient tolerance to thickness varia-tions to facilitate roll-to-roll fabrication.The CTL require-ments however differ for OSCs and PSCs due to the unique respective properties of the organic semiconductor and metal halide perovskite PALs,so we will discuss them sepa-rately below.