利用集成管状热电发电机的新型半透明混合光伏太阳能板放大绿色氢气生产

Abstract Green hydrogen production has become a global focus due to its clean energy benefits and efficiency in various applications, including the automotive and industrial sectors. This paper presents and analyzes a novel semi-transparent photovoltaic panel integrated with a hybrid solar collector and an electrolyzer . The latter is powered by the electrical energy generated by both the semi-transparent panel and the thermoelectric generator, ensuring the production of fully clean energy. To evaluate the thermal and electrical performance of the current hybrid system, a new mathematical model is developed using heat transfer calculations. Additionally, the effects of irradiation intensity and solar concentration ratio on the performance of the hybrid system and the hydrogen production process are analyzed and discussed. Following validation of the numerical model, the key results show that the maximum electrical power generated by the semi-transparent photovoltaic panel and the tubular thermoelectric generator is 70.66 W and 761.3 W, respectively. A small fraction of the total electrical power, amounting to 0.03 W, is sufficient to operate the water pump continuously throughout the day, while the remaining power is utilized by the electrolyzer to generate hydrogen. Consequently, a maximum hydrogen production rate of 39.563 l per hour is achieved under an irradiation intensity of 1000 W/m 2 and a solar concentration ratio of 200 suns. These findings serve as a valuable guide and foundation for advancing hydrogen production systems based on semi-transparent photovoltaic cells for hydrogen-powered vehicle applications.