考虑动态电价的交通能源系统滞后能量管理与优化

Abstract High-penetration renewable energy grid integration in electric vehicle charging stations and hydrogen refueling stations often faces challenges such as significant energy fluctuations, energy wastage, and system instability. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel Dynamic Hysteresis Energy Management strategy (DHEM). This strategy incorporates hysteresis theory and adjusts the charge–discharge strategy of the energy storage system by setting thresholds for the State of Charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries, namely SOC grid , SOC elzoff , and SOC elzon . Additionally, a price difference evaluation mechanism is designed for dynamic electricity pricing, optimizing the operation of electrolyzers and batteries, and balancing energy storage and consumption. Multi-objective optimization is subsequently performed using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, focusing on the evaluation of levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and renewable energy wastage. Sensitivity analysis determines the optimal configurations for SOC grid , SOC elzoff , and SOC elzon within the DHEM. The results demonstrate that compared to traditional and hysteresis-based strategies, the DHEM reduces LCOE by 17% and 11%, respectively. Furthermore, the single-start-stop operation times of Alkaline Electrolyzer and Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer increase by 48% and 12%, and 109% and 14%, respectively. In typical daily operations, DHEM improves system efficiency and stability by optimizing energy storage and power purchase decisions. Additionally, DHEM achieves a balance in cost, environmental, and social benefits, contributing to the sustainable development of electric vehicle charging infrastructure.