环保型Ba(Zr0.95Ti0.05)S3/MASnI3基钙钛矿太阳能电池的设计与性能评估：采用多种空穴和电子传输材料

Abstract This research is a comprehensive analysis that provides a new model for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Halide PSCs are the preferred option for solar absorbers in photovoltaic (PV) technology because it has superior optical properties, enhanced efficiency, lightweight nature, and significantly reduced cost. In this study, the simulation of the double-absorber layer organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSC) has been carried out, where Ba(Zr 0.95 Ti 0.05 )S 3 is used as the upper absorber layer, and MASnI 3 is used as the lower absorber layers. It is examined using the solar cell research software SCAPS-1D simulation package. The main object of this research is to test the congenial components for the hole-transporting layers (HTL) and electron-transporting layers (ETL). In addition, this research goal is to ascertain better parameters for active layer thickness, temperature-absorbing defect density , and metal-work functions for the recommended PV cell performance. After optimizing the proposed solar cell structure by changing various components in ETL and HTL, the highest result attained the FTO/SnS 2 /Ba(Zr 0.95 Ti 0.05 )S 3 /MASnI 3 /CuO/Au structure, which exhibits an open circuit voltage of V o = 1.2907 V, fill factor of 86.21 %, short-circuit current of J sc = 34.7308 mA/cm 2 , and a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 38.65 %. The headway is attained by engaging SnS 2 as the ETL and CuO as the HTL in the structure. Using the Scaps-1D simulation, we optimized temperature, thickness, defect density, shallow acceptor density, and back contact work functions. It was attained by leaving a thickness of 1 µm for the MASnI 3 absorber and 0.01 µm for the Ba(Zr 0.95 Ti 0.05 )S 3 absorber.