采用非共沸工质与循环热回收的紧凑型光伏/热–有机朗肯循环混合系统以提升太阳能转换效率

Abstract This study presents a compact hybrid solar energy system combining a finned photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) collector with an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) to enable simultaneous heat and power generation. The system features an internal heat-recovery loop in which the ORC condenser preheats the returning solar working fluid, enhancing thermal coupling between subsystems. Collector-level thermal performance is analyzed for series-connected strings, which are then hydraulically arranged in parallel by merging their mass-flow rates at the ORC inlet for system-level integration. A comprehensive thermodynamic, economic, and environmental assessment is conducted using zeotropic working fluids and a MOPSO–LINMAP optimization framework. The R12/RC318 mixture achieves the highest exergetic efficiency (50.65 %) and net power output (37.57 kW), while the PV/T component attains 55 % thermal efficiency. Economic evaluation predicts a payback period of ∼ 7 years. These results demonstrate the feasibility and scalability of the proposed design as a cost-effective, high-performance solution for integrated solar energy conversion.