基于蒙特卡洛方法与有限元分析的有机渗流太阳能电池光子通量模拟与比较

Abstract The low efficiency and persistent energy loss mechanisms in solar cells—particularly in organic photovoltaic devices—remain major challenges in the field of solar energy research. This study presents an integrated simulation framework aimed at improving the modeling of photon transport and thermal behavior within solar cells. The photovoltaic and thermal performance of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (Si:H) is evaluated under varying photon flux conditions. The approach combines the Monte Carlo Method (MCM), the Finite Element Method (FEM), and a link-based Modified Monte Carlo (MMC) percolation algorithm, applied within a three-dimensional mesh geometry. Simulation results show that 76.2 % of incident photons are absorbed, 14.1 % are reflected, and 9.7 % are transmitted through the device. Si:H exhibited high photovoltaic performance, reaching a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.4 A/m 2 , an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.86 V, a fill factor (FF) of 17.962 %, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.382 %. Additionally, thermal simulations revealed spatial temperature gradients strongly correlated with photon absorption density. These findings not only validate the proposed probabilistic modeling strategy but also align with international standards for photovoltaic module qualification. Specifically, the work supports the guidelines described by Firman et al. (2022) by providing an effective numerical tool for predicting performance, thermal stability, and structural reliability—critical elements in the certification and approval processes of advanced photovoltaic technologies.