一种用于集成双向电动汽车的孤岛微电网中弹性运行的新型构网型逆变器控制策略

This paper conducts a detailed analysis of the design, control, and performance evaluation of a 7-bus islanded microgrid system, featuring two Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) units consisting of Solar PV with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), along with a Diesel Generator (DIG) as a third energy source. An Electric Vehicle (EV) is integrated into one of the buses, operating in both Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) modes. The microgrid's control framework is centered around three grid-forming three-phase half-bridge inverters connected to the DER units and DIG. An enhanced droop control method with virtual impedance and a feed-forward derivative mitigates distortions, reduces circulating currents, and improves transient response, enhancing stability and dynamic performance. A Leader-Follower configuration manages the secondary control among inverters, while a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)-based system ensures synchronization during plug-and-play events of DIG and DER outages. The control approach employs Proportional-Resonant (PR) controllers in a stationary reference frame, delivering high resonant frequency gain, minimal steady-state error, and streamlined implementation without dq transformations. The microgrid, tested in MATLAB Simulink and OPAL-RT environments under various conditions, such as changing solar irradiation, abrupt load shifts, DER failures, and DIG plug-and-play scenarios, demonstrated robustness and efficiency, with voltage and frequency deviations constrained within 5% and 0.25 Hz, validating the proposed control strategies for autonomous operation.