甘蔗作物中的农光耦合系统——一项巴西案例研究

Abstract Agrophotovoltaic (APV) systems address land-use conflicts between agriculture and photovoltaic energy production, particularly in regions like northeastern Brazil with high solar irradiance and extensive sugarcane cultivation. This study explores whether integrating photovoltaic (PV) systems above sugarcane crops can enhance energy generation and agricultural productivity. We hypothesize that the shading provided by PV modules may alleviate thermal and water stress on sugarcane, resulting in improved crop growth without compromising solar energy production. A pilot APV system with a capacity of 71.4 kWp was deployed over sugarcane fields, and its structural integrity, energy performance, microclimate impacts, and crop responses were monitored for one year. The system achieved a Final Yield of 109.51 kWh kWp −1 , a Capacity Factor of 16.88 %, and a Performance Ratio of 68.63 %. In contrast, the average sugarcane yields under the APV system were 38.79 % higher than those of conventional cultivation (82.02 vs. 59.10 Mg ha −1 for stalk biomass). The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) reached 1.69, indicating that combined land use outperforms isolated agriculture or energy production by 69 %. These results demonstrate that APV systems can significantly enhance land-use efficiency while increasing energy generation and crop productivity, positioning sugarcane-based APV as a viable solution for sustainable development in tropical regions.