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一种基于DCR电流检测的高效率集成光伏能量采集系统
A 5.5–276 W Integrated Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting System With 99.95% MPPT Efficiency and 98.74% Power Conversion Efficiency
| 作者 | Jinho Yang · Hyunjoong Lee · Jun Soo Cho · Kyoungwon Lim · Hwi-Cheol Kim · Suhwan Kim |
| 期刊 | IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics |
| 出版日期 | 2024年11月 |
| 技术分类 | 光伏发电技术 |
| 技术标签 | MPPT |
| 相关度评分 | ★★★★★ 5.0 / 5.0 |
| 关键词 | 光伏能量收集系统 DCR电流传感 功率转换效率 跟踪效率 微控制器单元 |
语言:
中文摘要
摘要:提出了一种基于直流电阻(DCR)电流传感的高效集成光伏(PV)能量收集系统。该系统采用集成微控制器单元(MCU)精确控制高压栅极驱动器,后者根据感测到的瞬时电压和电流信息驱动功率场效应晶体管。通过DCR电流传感进行瞬时功率计算,并通过高压栅极驱动器控制实现外部功率场效应晶体管的低导通电阻,提高了功率转换效率。MCU协调高压栅极驱动器、采样保持电路和12位模数转换器之间的复杂时序控制,以感测电感电流,从而实现高跟踪效率。该光伏能量收集系统的集成电路采用0.13μm双极互补金属氧化物半导体 - 双扩散金属氧化物半导体(BCD)工艺制造,系统可在5.5至276 W的宽功率范围内运行。由于采用了DCR电流传感网络和精确的功率传感,该系统在11.7 - 276 W的功率范围内实现了超过99%的高跟踪效率,展现出卓越的稳定性。该系统的峰值跟踪效率达到99.95%,峰值功率转换效率达到98.74%,与现有最先进的光伏能量收集系统相比,实现了最高的效率和功率密度。
English Abstract
A high-efficiency integrated photovoltaic (PV) energy harvesting system based on direct current resistance (DCR) current sensing is proposed. The system employs an integrated microcontroller unit (MCU) to precisely control a high-voltage gate driver, which drives the power field-effect transistor based on sensed instantaneous voltage and current information. Power conversion efficiency is enhanced through DCR current sensing for instantaneous power computation and by achieving low on-resistance of external power field-effect transistors via high-voltage gate driver control. The MCU orchestrates sophisticated timing control among the high-voltage gate driver, sample and hold circuit, and a 12-b analog-to-digital converter to sense inductor current, thereby achieving high tracking efficiency. The integrated circuit for the PV energy harvesting system is fabricated using a 0.13-μm bipolar CMOS DMOS (BCD) process and the system operates over a wide power range from 5.5 to 276 W. Thanks to the DCR current sensing network and precise power sensing, the system achieves a high tracking efficiency of over 99% across the power range of 11.7–276 W, demonstrating exceptional stability. The system achieves a peak tracking efficiency of 99.95% and a peak power conversion efficiency of 98.74%, representing the highest efficiency and power density compared to state-of-the-art PV energy harvesting systems.
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SunView 深度解读
从阳光电源的业务视角来看,这项基于直流电阻(DCR)电流感测的光伏能量收集系统技术具有显著的应用价值。该系统实现了99.95%的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)效率和98.74%的功率转换效率,这两项指标均达到业界领先水平,与我司组串式逆变器追求的高效率目标高度契合。
技术核心优势在于三个方面:首先,DCR电流感测方案相比传统霍尔传感器或分流电阻方案,能够降低功耗损失并提高瞬时功率计算精度,这对提升逆变器整体效率具有实质性价值。其次,集成MCU实现的精密时序控制和高压栅极驱动技术,可有效降低功率器件的导通电阻,减少开关损耗,这与我司在功率电子拓扑优化方面的技术路线相吻合。第三,5.5-276W的宽功率范围运行能力,为分布式光伏和微型逆变器应用场景提供了新思路。
从应用前景看,该技术在户用光伏系统、BIPV(光伏建筑一体化)以及储能系统的DC/DC变换环节具有直接应用潜力。特别是在组件级优化器和微型逆变器产品线,高MPPT效率能够在复杂遮挡场景下显著提升发电量。采用0.13微米BCD工艺的集成方案也符合当前功率半导体的主流制程,具备较好的产业化基础。
然而需关注的挑战包括:DCR感测方案对电感参数一致性要求较高,需在大规模生产中验证可靠性;高压栅极驱动的EMI问题需在系统级进行优化;此外,从实验室样品到满足IEC标准的商用产品,还需在温度范围、长期可靠性和成本控制方面进行深入工程化开发。建议将此技术纳入我司下一代高效率逆变器的预研方向,重点评估其在高端户用和工商业场景的应用可行性。