具有有序纳米锥台阵列的高效砷化镓太阳能电池以增强光捕获和光伏性能

Abstract In the current study, we investigate the design and performance enhancement of gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cells by introducing an ordered nano-conical frustum (NCF) array structure. These unique nanostructures increase optical absorption by promoting light scattering and reducing reflectance, thereby improving the interaction between incident photons and the active GaAs layer. Using Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations, we systematically analyse the effect of these nanostructures on light trapping and absorption efficiency. The optimized nano-conical structures significantly increase light absorption across a broad spectrum, particularly within the visible and near-infrared regions. Our results demonstrate that the design achieves over 97% absorption efficiency in the wavelength range of 300–1050 nm under the AM 1.5G solar spectrum. This enhanced absorption, attributed to the superior light management provided by the nanostructures, leads to a short-circuit current density (J SC ) of 36.91 mA/cm 2 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 30.26%, representing an 80.13% improvement over conventional planar GaAs solar cells. These findings highlight the potential of NCF arrays to significantly enhance the efficiency of GaAs-based solar cells, offering a promising route for next-generation photovoltaic technologies.