基于不同构型下集成相变材料的水冷式光伏/热能集热器的对比分析

Abstract Photovoltaic modules are regarded as an advantageous method of harnessing renewable energy, by converting solar energy to electricity. Increasing photovoltaic panel temperature causes its electrical efficiency decreases. Researchers have proposed many techniques to prevent PV panels from being affected by high temperatures. This study investigates the effectiveness of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collectors with water channels above and/or below the PV panel, for three climate conditions. Enhancing both the electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency of water-based PV/T panels integrating with phase change material (PCM) in various configurations is another goal of this study. Thermal and electrical parameters such as solar cell temperature, water outlet temperature, photovoltaic efficiency as well as thermal efficiency are obtained and evaluated to assess the thermodynamic performance of the PV/T system integrated with PCM. An analysis of various parameters, including water mass flow rate and the phase change material thickness, is conducted to ascertain how they affect system performance. It concluded that, in configurations without PCM, the PV/T collector with two water channels has the greatest electrical efficiency performance. It is concluded that the PCM layer position in the PV/T system has an important impact; positioning the PCM layer below the water channel showed better results in photovoltaic temperature reduction in comparison with the above water channel in a PV/T collector with dual water channels case. Comparing PV/T collector with PCM cases to PV/T collector without PCM cases showed that adding a PCM layer to a PV/T collector with one upper water channel case has the most influence; also, it concluded that incorporating PCM causes a decrease in thermal efficiency.