基于Kuramoto模型的孤岛微电网分布式二次频率控制策略

To address frequency deviation and instability in islanded microgrids with droop control due to power imbalance, this paper proposes a distributed secondary frequency control strategy based on the Kuramoto model. It models frequency dynamics systematically, designs PI consensus-based controllers for zero-frequency-deviation operation, enables capacity-proportional active power sharing with local/neighbor information only, ensures robustness against communication delays, and proves asymptotic stability via Lyapunov direct method. Simulations in Matlab/Simulink validate effectiveness under multiple scenarios.

针对采用下垂控制的孤岛微电网因功率不平衡导致系统存在频率偏差或失稳的问题,基于Kuramoto模型设计孤岛微电网分布式二次频率控制策略.基于Kuramoto模型对孤岛微电网频率动态行为进行系统性建模,从系统层面进行频率控制设计.以频率无偏差为优化控制目标,采用PI一致性算法设计分布式二次频率控制器,各分布式电源仅需本地和相邻单元的信息,实现按照自身容量合理进行负荷有功功率分配.所提控制策略对通信网络中的延迟具有较强鲁棒性,此外采用Lyapunov直接法证明引入所提控制策略的微电网系统是渐近稳定的.通过Matlab/Simulink仿真验证多工况下所提控制策略的有效性,可减少系统频率偏差.