面向孤岛多母线微电网的分布式多母线电压调节与自适应无功功率分配控制

In multibus islanded microgrids (IMGs), maintaining all bus voltages within limits while ensuring proper reactive power sharing (RPS) among distributed generators (DGs) presents a significant challenge. To address this challenge, this article presents a distributed control strategy for achieving multibus voltage regulation and adaptive RPS in IMGs. First, we propose a dynamic max/min-consensus algorithm to monitor the real-time voltage range across all buses in a distributed manner. Next, we design a distributed observer to calculate the ideal reactive power reference for each DG. Finally, based on the monitoring of the voltage range, the designed controller ensures that all bus voltages remain within acceptable limits while adjusting each DG’s output reactive power as close as possible to the reference values. To validate the proposed strategy, we set up IMG systems of different scales using both the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experimental platform and the MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment for comprehensive testing. The results show that the proposed strategy effectively regulates all bus voltages within the target range while achieving adaptive RPS, whereas existing methods cause some bus voltages to violate limits.