木质素基凝胶电解质在储能领域的研究进展

Abstract With the increasing demand for electrical energy worldwide, electrical energy storage devices have become urgent and essential owing to their flexibility. Renewable biomass-based electrochemical materials are widely recognized as promising solutions for replacing traditional fossil materials. As the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature, lignin has been increasingly utilized as a multifunctional energy storage material due to its unique macromolecular structure. Lignin-based gel electrolytes (LGEs) have been successfully employed in flexible electronic devices, capacitors and metal batteries, enhancing their potential as energy storage materials. This review summarizes recent research advances in lignin-based gel electrolytes (LGEs), providing a comprehensive overview of the conductive mechanism of lignin-based green gel electrolytes and their potential application in energy storage devices (supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, zinc-ion batteries and other metallic batteries). Further, this review proposes the current challenges faced by LGE applications in energy storage devices and outlines key future research directions. This review aims to provide more feasible insights for the future upgrading and application of LGE in green energy devices, thus promoting the sustainable development of lignin-based functional materials.