吸附剂强化与水热废弃物转化集成用于负碳排放燃料生产的技术经济评估

Abstract All major scenarios highlight the need for significant CO 2 removal from the atmosphere to achieve the 2050 carbon neutrality targets, with key contribution of Biogenic Energy with CO 2 Capture and Storage (BECCS) in the Carbon Negative mix. However, the largest biogenic waste feedstocks are highly moisturized, making it challenging to valorize due to the associated energy-intensive drying process required by conventional thermochemical methods. This study introduces the techno-economic of novel process configurations integrating hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and sorption-enhanced gasification/reforming (SEG/SER). The goal is to convert Wet Biogenic Waste into carbon-negative hydrogen, hydrogen-rich syngas, or hydrochar with integrated CO 2 capture using calcium looping technology. The exothermic CO 2 capture by CaO provides the needed thermal energy to the endothermic gasification and reforming processes, thus maximizing energy efficiency and hydrogen yield. Atmospheric gasification/reforming was found to favor hydrogen production at the highest energy efficiency (up to 80.4%) and cost-effectiveness (levelized cost of hydrogen LCOH, 1.65 €/kg-H 2 ). This is facilitated by the high carbon capture rates (up to 100%) that generate carbon credits with a substantial contribution in offsetting a considerable portion of the produced hydrogen costs. High-pressure gasification/reforming resulted in poor hydrogen yields in favor of substantial CH 4 -rich syngas. This triggered investigating configurations targeting the production of partly decarbonized superior syngas, resulting in heating values exceeding natural gas and anaerobic digestion biogas , achieving global efficiencies of up to 84% and production costs of 38.47 and 57.9 €/MWh.