用于高效储能的增强型卡诺电池：可行性分析

Abstract The widespread application of renewable energy generation technologies poses a serious challenge to grid stability. It is essential to develop advanced energy storage technologies. The Carnot battery has advantages such as low construction cost and high installation flexibility. However, the low round-trip efficiency of conventional Carnot battery limits its widespread application. In this study, the enhanced Carnot battery is constructed to achieve high-efficiency energy storage, and the performance of various enhanced technologies is discussed. Taking three cities in China as the application sites, the feasibility of the enhanced Carnot battery is analyzed by selecting industrial low-grade waste heat recovery as the application scenario. The results show that the overall performance is optimal when the heat pump module applies the vapor injection technology, and the organic Rankine cycle module applies the dual-pressure evaporation technology. Compared with conventional Carnot battery, the payback period of the enhanced Carnot battery can be shortened by 76.8%, and the levelized cost of storage can be reduced by 26.7%.