关于应用于压缩空气储能系统的压缩机中跨音速凝结流动的传热传质效应研究

Abstract Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is a technology that stores energy by compressing air and releases it to generate electricity when needed. It helps to balance power supply and demand, improve the utilization of renewable energy, and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. As the core device for energy conversion, the performance of the compressor significantly affects the efficiency of the CAES system. The transonic rotational speed of the compressor rotor induces imbalance between temperature and pressure, which serve as driving forces for the non-equilibrium condensation within the flow passage. Condensing flow can significantly impact the heat and mass transfer processes, resulting in overall performance of the CAES system. This study employs a one-dimensional de Laval nozzle structure to simulate the non-equilibrium condensation phase numerically, and reveals the heat and mass transfer mechanisms in the flow field, subject to boundary conditions of relative humidity, inlet temperature, and wall curvature. The results demonstrate that higher water vapor concentration and lower inlet temperature promote the initiation of non-equilibrium condensation and increase the instability of heat and mass transfer and higher wall curvature enhances the transfer intensity inside de Laval nozzle. Although there is no liquid phase formed inside the compressor rotor, the nucleation process still releases a significant amount of latent heat, which reduces performance efficiency and increases entropy generation. It is suggested that drying treatment of the inlet air can effectively regulate the compressor heat load. The research findings are of significant importance for improving energy efficiency, supporting the transition to a zero-carbon economy, and advancing clean energy technologies.