基于变导热系数热管的高功率器件动态热管理：平衡防结露与散热

Abstract Dew condensation typically occurs on high-power devices under conditions of high humidity or large temperature fluctuations, leading to corrosion, short circuits, and performance degradation. Traditional dewing prevention methods are insufficient for meeting the high heat flux dissipation requirements of these devices. In this study, a low-cost, practical dewing prevention variable conductance heat pipe (VCHP) has been proposed to address this dual challenge of balancing dew prevention and high heat flux dissipation. The design parameters of the VCHP have been optimized, revealing that the charging pressure of non-condensable gas is the key factor influencing thermal resistance, while the effects of filling ratio and reservoir length are relatively minor. The VCHP has been found to exhibit significant variable thermal resistance under different cooling and gravitational conditions, with thermal resistance reaching 1.95 °C/W at low power and decreasing to 0.09 °C/W at high power. Application validation confirms that the VCHP heat sink maintains a dry surface for 1 h under low-power, high-humidity, and deep-cold conditions, demonstrating superior performance in balancing conflicting demands. This study provides a novel solution to the challenge of balancing high heat flux dissipation with anti-condensation in thermal management systems, offering significant potential for thermal management in aerospace, electronics, and new energy fields.