集成超薄均热板的锂离子电池热管理

Abstract The rapid growth of electric vehicles necessitates advanced thermal management systems for lithium-ion batteries to address the challenges of high-rate charging and discharging. This study developed an innovative battery thermal management system (BTMS) integrated with ultra-thin vapor chambers (UTVCs) to enhance heat dissipation and temperature uniformity. The unique contribution of this work lies in the design, fabrication, and application of UTVC featuring a composite wick structure that combines copper mesh and sintered copper powder for superior capillary performance. Thermal performance of UTVCs, capillary rise behaviour of the composite wicks, and cooling efficiency of BTMS under various conditions were investigated. Experimental results demonstrate that BTMS integrated with UTVC significantly reduces maximum surface temperatures of the battery by up to 21.9 % and improves temperature uniformity by lowering the maximum temperature difference by 19.4 % at discharge rate of 3C. The developed cooling approach effectively mitigates hot spot formation and enhances preheating performance of the battery in low-temperature environments. These findings not only provide an efficient cooling method for ensuring battery safety, extending lifespan, and enabling reliable performance in demanding electronic applications, but also offer critical insights into the design and optimization of next-generation BTMS solutions.