采用分串配置提升雪域垂直双面光伏系统性能

Vertical bifacial photovoltaic (VBPV) systems are promising for deployment in snowy regions, where sunlight reflected from snow-covered ground enhances rear-side irradiance. However, the low solar altitude during winter increases mutual shading between arrays, leading to mismatch losses. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a separated-string configuration—where the upper and lower module strings are electrically independent—in reducing shading losses under varying snow conditions, array spacings, and azimuth angles. Field measurements were conducted on an 80 kWDC (40 kWAC) agrivoltaic VBPV system installed in Hokkaido, Japan. The data were analyzed using simulations that integrate ray tracing and cell-level circuit modeling. Results indicate that increased ground albedo due to snow enhances winter electricity generation per unit solar irradiation by a factor of 1.7. However, for the tested system with a 10 m array spacing, the annual relative improvement achieved by the separated-string configuration was less than 1% due to the low occurrence of partial shading. Under simulated conditions with narrower 4 m array spacing and array azimuth angles of 150° and 180°, the relative improvement in winter exceeded 2.5%, reaching 3.7% and 9.2%, respectively. These findings suggest that the separated-string configuration is an effective design strategy primarily for VBPV systems with narrow array spacing in snowy, high-latitude regions characterized by high surface albedo.