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并网应用中逆变器输出电流纹波分析及逆变器侧输出滤波电感设计
Analysis of Inverter Output Current Ripple and Design of Inverter-Side Output Filter Inductor for Grid-Connected Applications
| 作者 | Bishal Mondal · Arun Karuppaswamy B |
| 期刊 | IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications |
| 出版日期 | 2024年10月 |
| 技术分类 | 系统并网技术 |
| 技术标签 | 并网逆变器 |
| 相关度评分 | ★★★★★ 5.0 / 5.0 |
| 关键词 | 并网逆变器 LCL滤波器 逆变器侧电感 非晶铁芯电感 设计方法 |
语言:
中文摘要
为并网逆变器(GCI)精确选择 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {LCL}$</tex-math></inline-formula> 滤波器参数对于在减少硬件占用的情况下满足电网互联标准至关重要。文献中存在多种选择 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {LCL}$</tex-math></inline-formula> 滤波器参数的设计方法。<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {LCL}$</tex-math></inline-formula> 滤波器的网侧电感可以采用铁芯,并遵循标准电网频率电感的设计方法,但逆变器侧电感的设计需要特别关注,因为它存在显著的开关频率谐波。本文对并网逆变器的逆变器侧电感设计进行了深入探讨。基于允许的逆变器峰 - 峰纹波电流来计算逆变器侧电感(<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {L}_{\bm {i}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>),以减少纹波分量导致的损耗。<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {L}_{\bm {i}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> 的值或大小取决于逆变器配置、开关技术和应用场景。本文开头部分进行了全面分析,比较了不同布线配置和应用场景下 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {L}_{\bm {i}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> 的值及其大小。推导了 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {L}_{\bm {i}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> 的闭式表达式,并用于选择 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {L}_{\bm {i}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> 的最小值。本文还讨论了非晶铁芯用于逆变器侧电感的适用性。文献中的非晶铁芯电感设计会导致电感值随电流产生较大变化,经分析会产生差模和共模噪声。为解决这一问题,本文后半部分提出了一种新颖的非晶铁芯电感设计方法。该方法确保了电感在工作电流范围内的变化最小。本文提供了实验结果来支持各项理论论断。
English Abstract
Incisive selection of the LCL filter parameters for a grid-connected inverter (GCI) is crucial to meet the grid interconnection standards with a reduced hardware footprint. Various design methods are available in the literature for selecting the LCL filter parameters. While the grid-side inductor of the LCL filter can utilize an iron core and follow the standard grid frequency inductor design, the inverter-side inductor design needs attention since it has significant switching frequency harmonics. This paper presents an extensive discussion on the design of the inverter-side inductor for GCIs. The inverter-side inductor ( L_ i ) is calculated based on the allowable inverter peak-peak ripple current to reduce the losses due to the ripple component. The value or size of L_ i depends on the inverter configuration, switching technique, and the application. The initial sections of the paper present a comprehensive analysis, comparing the value and hence the size of L_ i for different wiring configurations and applications. Closed-form expressions are developed for L_ i and are used in selecting the minimum value of L_ i . The suitability of an amorphous core for the inverter-side inductor is discussed. The amorphous-core inductor designs in literature can lead to a wide variation of inductance with current and have been analyzed to cause differential and common mode noise. To address this, a novel amorphous-core inductor design is proposed in the later sections of this work. The proposed approach ensures a minimal variation in the inductance over the operating current range. Experimental results are provided to support the various theoretical assertions.
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SunView 深度解读
从阳光电源并网逆变器和储能系统的业务视角来看,该论文针对LCL滤波器中逆变器侧电感设计的深度研究具有重要的工程应用价值。
在光伏和储能逆变器产品开发中,LCL滤波器的参数设计直接影响系统的并网电能质量、硬件成本和功率密度。论文提出的基于纹波电流约束的逆变器侧电感(Li)设计方法,能够有效降低开关频率谐波引起的损耗,这对阳光电源提升逆变器效率、满足日益严格的并网标准具有直接指导意义。特别是论文针对不同拓扑结构和应用场景建立的闭式计算表达式,可帮助我们快速优化产品设计,缩短研发周期。
论文的核心创新在于提出了新型非晶合金磁芯电感设计方案。传统非晶磁芯电感存在电感值随电流变化大、易产生差模和共模噪声的问题,这在大功率应用中尤为突出。新方案通过优化磁芯结构确保电感在工作电流范围内保持稳定,这对阳光电源开发高功率密度、低EMI的组串式和集中式逆变器产品具有重要参考价值。非晶材料的低损耗特性也契合我们追求高效率的产品战略。
技术成熟度方面,论文提供了实验验证,具备工程化基础。建议我们的研发团队深入评估该设计方法在不同功率等级产品中的适用性,特别关注在储能双向变流器中的应用潜力。主要挑战在于非晶磁芯的供应链成本控制和批量生产一致性,但这同时也是差异化竞争的机遇点,可助力阳光电源在高端市场建立技术壁垒。