可逆固体氧化物电池系统的综合热管理策略设计以平抑风电波动

Abstract Reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC) can effectively smooth the fluctuating power output of renewable energy generation through the bi-directional conversion between electrolyzer (EC) mode and fuel cell (FC) mode. However, frequent load changes can cause severe temperature fluctuations, which in turn lead to thermal damage in the rSOC. To stabilize the fluctuating wind power output while maintaining the thermal safety of the system, an inner-outer dual-loop thermal management strategy, i.e., inner-loop temperature control and outer-loop power management for the rSOC system is proposed in this work. Of which, the inner-loop temperature control respectively uses the feedforward controller to regulate the burner fuel ratio ( BFR ) and the fuzzy PID controller to stabilize the rSOC temperature, thereby ensuring effective thermal management across all operating conditions; Then based on the inner-loop control, the outer-loop power management is performed to adjust the current input according to load demand, so that the rSOC system can operate in normal EC/FC mode and hot standby state. Furthermore, a constant current change rate of 0.6 A/s is used to suppress the temperature change rate and prevent fuel deficit. By applying a series of current change inputs to simulate the six rSOC switching dynamics, the results show that the inner-loop temperature control successfully stabilizes the rSOC temperature. And the maximum temperature fluctuations in EC/FC modes are respectively about 0.2 K and 2 K, while both the temperature gradient and temperature change rate remain within the safe ranges. Moreover, taking a week of wind power input as an example, it is further demonstrated that the proposed thermal management rSOC system can not only maintain stable and safe thermal dynamics but also combine wind power generation to provide continuous and reliable electricity to the grid. The research results indicate that the maximum power fluctuation of the wind-rSOC combined power generation system stays within 14 %, occurring only during mode switching. These prove that the proposed strategy can greatly enhance the thermal stability and operational reliability of the rSOC system under fluctuating operating conditions, offering an effective reference for its integration with renewable energy grids.